Note Text: 1863 Emotional systems have some autonomy

to some extent the reality of emotions in the brain is independent of the environment: We can evoke strong emotions in animals and humans by electrically stimu- lating subcortical sites within the brain. These ancient systems respond to world events, but because of their genetically ingrained nature, they can generate f....

Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 17

Note Text: 1925 Emotional systems of Panksepp

[SEEKING, RAGE, FEAR, PANIC, LUST, CARE, (rough-and-tumble) PLAY.] ... surely there are intrinsic neural substrates for many other basic affective "motivational" feelings such as hunger, thirst, frustation, disgust, pain, and so on.

Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 51-2

Note Text: 1889 Emotions might affect blood brain flows

it is possible that certain emotions such as fear are characterized by reductions of blood flow to many brain areas as a secondary consequence of emotional intensity rather than as a result of local metabolic needs to fuel neuronal activity. [Implying a possible weakness or blind spot in fMRI analysis]

Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 29

Note Text: 1916 Emotions vs motivations

Why should we not consider the feelings of hunger, thirst, pain, and tiredness to be emotions? They are certainly strong affective feelings. However, they do not fulfill all the neural criteria for an emotional system outlined below. The more traditional and quite cogent conceptual rationale is that it is desirable to e....

Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 47

Note Text: 1926 Most well-established systems by Panksepp

The four most well studied systems are (1) an appetitive motivation SEEKING system, which helps elaborate energetic search and goal-directed behaviors in behalf of any of a variety of distinct goal objects; (2) a RAGE system, which is especially easily aroused by thwarting and frustrations; (3) a FEAR system, which is d....

Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 52

Note Text: 2042 Panksepp's criteria for basic emotional systems

[neurobehavioral criteria for emotional system]

1. The underlying circuits are genetically prewired and designed to respond unconditionally to stimuli arising from major life-challenging circumstances:
2. The circuits organize behavior by activating or inhibiting motor subroutines (and concurrent autonomi....

   Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 150

Note Text: 1885 Several emotional systems are identified

We can now be confident that a limited number of executive structures for emotionality were created in our brains by our genetic heritage, but we cannot yet be certain how many exist and how widespread they are in the nervous system. However, we can be confident about the approximate locations of some half a dozen syste....

Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 28

Note Text: 1920 Six criteria for emotional circuits

[Criteria for neural emotional circuits in affective neuroscience:]

1. The underlying circuits are genetically predetermined and designed to respond unconditionally to stimuli arising from major life-challenging circumstances.
2. These circuits organize diverse behaviors by activating or inhibiting motor....

   Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 48-9