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Introduction to this Book (Last updated: Mon, Mar 10, 2025)
State of Pain (Last updated: Fri, Jan 10, 2025)
If You're New To This (Last updated: Tue, Oct 29, 2024)
+ How Pain Is Made (Last updated: Mon, Mar 10, 2025)
+ Pain Science 1: Basics (Last updated: Tue, Jan 14, 2025)
+ The Basic Anatomy and Physiology of Pain (Last updated: Mon, Apr 1, 2024)
Components of the Nervous System (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Neurons and Nerves (Last updated: Mon, Apr 29, 2024)
Receptor Endings (Last updated: Mon, Apr 29, 2024)
Pain Processing in the Central Nervous System (Last updated: Tue, Feb 11, 2025)
A Complex Nervous System (Last updated: Sat, Feb 22, 2025)
In a Complex Body (Last updated: Wed, Sep 11, 2024)
The Adaptive Value of Pain (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
+ The Varieties of Pain (Last updated: Mon, Aug 26, 2024)
Healthy Pain and Pathological Pain (Last updated: Fri, Jun 28, 2024)
Acute and Chronic Pain (Last updated: Wed, Feb 19, 2025)
Dimensions and Flavors of Pain (Last updated: Sat, Feb 8, 2025)
Pain and Activity (Last updated: Wed, Feb 19, 2025)
Pain Definitions (Last updated: Wed, Feb 19, 2025)
The Medical Categories of Pain (Last updated: Sun, May 26, 2024)
Co-morbidities (Last updated: Sat, Feb 22, 2025)
A Brief Epidemiology of Pain (Last updated: Fri, May 31, 2024)
+ Pain Science 2: Nociceptors and the Spine (Last updated: Thu, Nov 21, 2024)
+ From Nociceptors to the Brain (This page is incomplete.)
+ Neurons and Nociceptors (Last updated: Mon, Jul 8, 2024)
+ Pain Receptors or Nociceptors (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Three Principal Types of Sensory Neurons (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
+ Anatomy and Distribution of Sensory Nerves (This page is incomplete.)
Sensory Neurons Have Overlapping Sensory Fields (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Zones of the Body Are Innervated Differently (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
Sensory Neurons Originate in Spinal Nerves (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
+ The Central Nervous System Environment (This page is incomplete.)
The Blood-Brain Barrier (This page is incomplete.)
Astrocytes and Microglia (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
+ Injury, Inflammation, and Healing (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Pain System in Acute Injury (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
First Pain and Second Pain (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Flare and the Beginning of Inflammation (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Wheal and Inflammatory Windup (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Primary Hyperalgesia (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
The Inflammation Process (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Normal Healing (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Chronicity (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Spine's Organization (Last updated: Thu, Nov 21, 2024)
+ Neural Circuits (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
Circuits Formed from Neurons (Last updated: Sat, Feb 22, 2025)
+ Organization of the Spinal Cord (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
Segmental Organization of the Spinal Cord (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
Layers (Laminae) of the Dorsal Horn (Last updated: Sun, Jun 18, 2017)
Afferent Terminations in the Spine (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
Interneurons (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
Ascending Projection Neurons (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
Descending Projection Neurons (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
+ Pain Processing in the Spine (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
+ Spinal Reflexes (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
Muscle Stretch Reflex (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
Golgi Tendon Reflex (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
Flexor and Withdrawal Reflexes (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
Crossed Extensor Reflex (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
Scratch Reflex (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
Muscle Cramp Spinal Reflex (Last updated: Wed, Jun 21, 2017)
+ Spinal Inhibition and Excitation (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
Ascending Nociceptive Circuits (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
Descending Nociceptive Circuits (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
+ Pain Phenomena of the Spine and Periphery (Last updated: Wed, Jul 5, 2017)
Central Sensitization (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
Wind-up (Last updated: Thu, Jun 22, 2017)
+ Secondary Sensitization (Last updated: Sat, Aug 17, 2024)
Secondary Stroking Hyperalgesia (Last updated: Sat, Aug 17, 2024)
Secondary Punctate Hyperalgesia (Last updated: Thu, Jun 22, 2017)
Deep Tissue Injury (Last updated: Sat, Aug 17, 2024)
+ Referred Pains, Somatic and Sympathetic (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
Radiating (Spreading) Pain (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
Counterstimulation (Last updated: Fri, Jul 26, 2024)
Neuropathy and Neuralgia (Last updated: Thu, Jun 22, 2017)
Regulation of Spinal Sensitivity (Last updated: Thu, Jun 22, 2017)
+ Pain Science 3: Neuroscience and the Brain (Last updated: Fri, Mar 7, 2025)
+ Studying the Brain (Last updated: Mon, Jan 20, 2025)
Brain Imaging (Last updated: Tue, Jan 14, 2025)
EEG and MEG (This page is incomplete.)
Biochemical Methods (This page is incomplete.)
Animal Models in Brain Research (This page is incomplete.)
Knowledge From Brain Lesions and Brain Surgeries (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Brain's Architecture and its Role in Pain (Last updated: Mon, Jan 20, 2025)
The Ascending Tracts (Last updated: Wed, Feb 19, 2025)
The Brain Stem (Last updated: Tue, Mar 4, 2025)
+ The Pain Matrix (Last updated: Tue, Feb 18, 2025)
Components of the Pain Matrix (Last updated: Sat, Feb 22, 2025)
Functions of the Pain Matrix (Last updated: Fri, Feb 21, 2025)
Neurotransmitters in the Pain Matrix (Last updated: Sat, Mar 1, 2025)
"Psychological" Factors in the Pain Matrix (This page is incomplete.)
A Brief Critique of the Pain Matrix Analysis (Last updated: Sat, Feb 22, 2025)
+ The Descending Tracts and Descending Pain Modulation (Last updated: Fri, Mar 7, 2025)
Neurotransmitters Involved in Pain Processing (Last updated: Tue, Mar 4, 2025)
+ The Pain Matrix in Chronic Pain States (This page is incomplete.)
Functional Alterations in the Pain Matrix Under Chronic Pain (Last updated: Fri, Feb 28, 2025)
Structural Alterations in the Pain Matrix Under Chronic Pain (Last updated: Sun, Mar 2, 2025)
Chemical Alterations in the Pain Matrix Under Chronic Pain (Last updated: Tue, Mar 4, 2025)
+ Pain Phenomena Involving the Brain (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
"Spinal" Phenomena Also Involve the Brain (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
The Gate-control Circuits (Descending Modulation) (Last updated: Sat, Jul 27, 2024)
Gate Control+ (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) or Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control (DNIC) (Last updated: Wed, Mar 5, 2025)
Central Pain (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Phantom Limb Pain and Referred Pain (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Causalgia (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Episodic Analgesia (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Pain Without Injury (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Disproportionate Pain (This page is incomplete.)
Pain After Healing, a Memory-like Mechanism (This page is incomplete.)
Non-habituation to Pain (Last updated: Sat, Jun 24, 2017)
Affect and Emotion (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
Attention and Priming (Last updated: Sun, Mar 9, 2025)
+ Pain Science 4: Partner Systems (Last updated: Fri, Mar 21, 2025)
+ The Autonomic Nervous System (Last updated: Fri, Mar 21, 2025)
Physiologic Functions of the ANS (Last updated: Sat, Mar 15, 2025)
ANS Pain Circuits (This page is incomplete.)
+ Autonomic Pain Phenomena (This page is incomplete.)
Sympathetic Activity and Hyperalgesia (Last updated: Tue, Mar 11, 2025)
The Stress Response (Last updated: Tue, Mar 11, 2025)
Stress and Hypoalgesia (Last updated: Tue, Mar 11, 2025)
Sympathetically Increased and Maintained Pain (Last updated: Tue, Mar 11, 2025)
+ Pain and the Sickness Response (This page is incomplete.)
Pain and the Illness Response (This page is incomplete.)
Inflammation and Illness (Last updated: Tue, Mar 11, 2025)
+ Pain Measurement (Last updated: Sun, Jul 28, 2024)
+ Pain Intensity (Last updated: Sun, Jul 28, 2024)
+ VAS and Similar Intensity Scales
How Accurate Are They? (This page is incomplete.)
Pain Intensity and Pain Science (Last updated: Sat, Feb 22, 2025)
Pain Thresholds (This page is incomplete.)
Reported Pain in General (This page is incomplete.)
+ Assessing Pain Quality (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Facial Expressions (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
+ Physiological Correlates of Pain (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Electromyography (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Autonomic Responses (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Neuroimaging and Pain Measurement (Last updated: Tue, Jan 14, 2025)
Biochemical Assays (Last updated: Mon, Jan 13, 2025)
Pain Behaviors (Last updated: Sun, Jul 28, 2024)
Psychosocial Measures (Last updated: Sat, Aug 24, 2024)
Functional Testing (Last updated: Fri, Feb 7, 2025)
Pain Measurement Illusions (Last updated: Sun, Jul 28, 2024)
+ Pain Research (Last updated: Fri, Feb 21, 2025)
+ Methods of Study (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Epidemiology (Last updated: Sun, Jul 28, 2024)
+ Physiological Research (Last updated: Sun, Jul 28, 2024)
Human Physiological Research (Last updated: Sun, Jul 28, 2024)
Animal Research Models (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Pyschological/Behavioral Research (Last updated: Fri, Feb 7, 2025)
Medical Trials (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
+ Human Pain Experimentation (This page is incomplete.)
Regression to the Mean and the Placebo Effect (Last updated: Fri, Feb 21, 2025)
+ Limits to Understanding (Last updated: Mon, Jul 29, 2024)
Scientific and Clinical Measurement (Last updated: Tue, Jan 14, 2025)
+ The Psychology of Pain (Last updated: Mon, Nov 18, 2024)
+ How We Understand Pain (Last updated: Mon, Nov 18, 2024)
How We Understand Anything (Last updated: Mon, Nov 18, 2024)
+ Intuitive or Instinctive Understanding (Last updated: Thu, Sep 12, 2024)
+ Human Nature (Last updated: Mon, Jun 3, 2024)
Neuroscientific Thinking (Last updated: Thu, Sep 12, 2024)
Core Intuitions and Core Behaviors (Last updated: Sun, Aug 25, 2024)
Deception and Self-deception (Last updated: Fri, Sep 13, 2024)
Mirror Neurons and Empathy (Last updated: Tue, Nov 19, 2024)
+ Folk or Cultural Understandings (Last updated: Sat, Aug 24, 2024)
+ Pain Intersects with Community and Economics (Last updated: Sat, Aug 24, 2024)
Economic Stakes in Pain (Last updated: Sat, Aug 24, 2024)
+ Social Stakes in Pain (Last updated: Sat, Aug 24, 2024)
Cheating (Last updated: Fri, Sep 13, 2024)
Pain, Will, and Responsibility (Last updated: Fri, Sep 13, 2024)
+ Understandings of Chronic Pain in the Culture (Last updated: Fri, Sep 13, 2024)
+ Some Political History of Pain in the USA (Last updated: Sat, Aug 24, 2024)
The Cost of War? (Last updated: Wed, Jun 26, 2024)
Sympathy or Scorn? (Last updated: Mon, Nov 4, 2024)
Reagan's War on Disability (Last updated: Sat, Aug 24, 2024)
Debates of the 90s (Last updated: Fri, Aug 16, 2024)
A Pain Control Epidemic? (Last updated: Wed, Jun 26, 2024)
Envy Up, Scorn Down (This page is incomplete.)
There, But For the Grace of God, Go I (Last updated: Fri, Sep 13, 2024)
Themes in Social Understandings of Pain (Last updated: Fri, Sep 13, 2024)
Common-sense Prescriptions (Last updated: Wed, Jul 3, 2024)
+ How We Misunderstand (Last updated: Wed, Aug 28, 2024)
Linguistic Understanding (Last updated: Sat, Aug 31, 2024)
The Effects of Deception (This page is incomplete.)
Limits to Rationality (This page is incomplete.)
+ Scientific Understanding (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Process of Science (This page is incomplete.)
The Importance of Models (Last updated: Thu, Jun 29, 2017)
Operational Definitions (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Hypotheses and Experiments (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
+ The Limits to Scientific Understanding (This page is incomplete.)
Technical Obstacles in Pain Research (Last updated: Mon, Jul 29, 2024)
+ Bias or Error in Science (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
The Challenge of Provability (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Sample Size and Confounders (Last updated: Sat, Aug 17, 2024)
Selection Bias (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
Research Agendas and Funding (Last updated: Sat, Aug 17, 2024)
Confirmation Bias (This page is incomplete.)
Correlation and Causation (Last updated: Sat, Aug 17, 2024)
Interpretation Errors (Last updated: Fri, Jun 30, 2017)
The Research Agenda (This page is incomplete.)
Paradigms in Science (This page is incomplete.)
+ Psychological and Psychiatric Understanding (Last updated: Tue, Jul 30, 2024)
Methodological Challenges in Psychology (Last updated: Sat, Aug 17, 2024)
Psychology Is a Source of Folk Theories (This page is incomplete.)
Ideological Understandings (Last updated: Thu, Sep 5, 2024)
+ The Psychological Perspective On Pain (Last updated: Mon, Feb 24, 2025)
+ Pain, Behavior, and Psychology (Last updated: Fri, Dec 20, 2024)
+ Psychological Analysis of Pain Behaviors (Last updated: Tue, Oct 29, 2024)
Does It Hurt, Really? (Last updated: Tue, Oct 29, 2024)
Pain and Emotion (This page is incomplete.)
Attention and Distraction (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Control (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Culture and Pain (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Distress and Pain (Last updated: Mon, Nov 4, 2024)
Secondary Gain (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Anger and Pain (Last updated: Mon, Jul 3, 2017)
Expectation (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Cognition (Last updated: Mon, Feb 24, 2025)
Childhood Abuse (Last updated: Mon, Jul 3, 2017)
Smoking (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Substance Dependence (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
+ Psychiatric Co-morbidities of Pain (Last updated: Thu, Aug 1, 2024)
Introduction to Sequelae and Co-morbidities (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Depression (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Pain and Suicide (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Sleep and Fatigue (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
PTSD (Last updated: Mon, Jul 3, 2017)
Anxiety (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
+ Somatization, Psychogenic Pain, and So Forth (Last updated: Thu, Aug 1, 2024)
Conversion Disorders or Hysteria (Last updated: Mon, Jul 3, 2017)
"Unexplained Symptoms" (This page is incomplete.)
Psychogenic Pain Disorder (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Somatization (Last updated: Wed, Jul 31, 2024)
Somatoform Pain Disorder (Last updated: Mon, Jul 3, 2017)
Waddell's Signs (Last updated: Thu, Aug 1, 2024)
Postscript (Last updated: Mon, Jul 3, 2017)
Placebo Analgesia (Last updated: Thu, Aug 1, 2024)
Hypnotic Analgesia (Last updated: Thu, Aug 1, 2024)
+ Impediments to Psychological Analysis of Pain (Last updated: Thu, Aug 1, 2024)
Pain Is Complicated (This page is incomplete.)
+ Behaviorist Theories of Pain and a Standard Model (Last updated: Wed, Feb 26, 2025)
The Basic Problem with Behavioral Pain (Last updated: Wed, Feb 26, 2025)
+ Cognitive-Behavioral Theories of Pain (This page is incomplete.)
"Learning" in Behaviorist Pain Theories (Last updated: Fri, Feb 7, 2025)
The CBT Model of Behavior in General (Last updated: Thu, Feb 6, 2025)
+ The CBT Model of Pain and Pain Behavior (Last updated: Sat, Nov 9, 2024)
Pain Behaviors in CBT (This page is incomplete.)
Evidence for Pain Conditioning (This page is incomplete.)
Cognitions (This page is incomplete.)
Cognitions, Conditioning, and Learning
Catastrophizing in CBT (This page is incomplete.)
Fear-avoidance (This page is incomplete.)
Coping Strategies (This page is incomplete.)
Control and Self-efficacy (This page is incomplete.)
Social Effects on Pain Behavior (This page is incomplete.)
Adaptation to Pain (This page is incomplete.)
Overview and Evidence of CBT for Pain (This page is incomplete.)
The Neuromatrix Model of Pain (Last updated: Fri, Feb 7, 2025)
+ The Psychology of Understanding Pain Psychologically (Last updated: Sun, Nov 10, 2024)
Psychology Is a Residual Explanation (Last updated: Sun, Aug 4, 2024)
The Healthfulness Assumption (Last updated: Mon, Jul 3, 2017)
The Intentionality Assumption (Last updated: Sun, Aug 4, 2024)
+ Free Will, Self-determination, and Responsiblity (Last updated: Sat, Feb 22, 2025)
Physician and Patient (Last updated: Sun, Aug 4, 2024)
+ A Rational Model of Emotion and Pain (Last updated: Fri, Mar 21, 2025)
Phineas Gage and Brain Modularity (This page is incomplete.)
Neuroscience and the Understanding of Behavior (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Triune Brain (This page is incomplete.)
The Basal Brain (This page is incomplete.)
The Limbic System (This page is incomplete.)
The Neocortex (This page is incomplete.)
+ Behavior Regulation Systems in the Brain (This page is incomplete.)
Brain Systems that Set Tone (This page is incomplete.)
+ Brain Systems that Promote Goals (This page is incomplete.)
The Seeking System (This page is incomplete.)
The Fear System (This page is incomplete.)
Other Basic Emotional Systems (This page is incomplete.)
Homeostatic Systems (This page is incomplete.)
The Brain's Side Doors (This page is incomplete.)
Brain Function and Evolution (This page is incomplete.)
+ Motive, Behavior, and Learning (This page is incomplete.)
Behavioral Choices and Learning (This page is incomplete.)
Motivation and Emotion (This page is incomplete.)
+ Motivation, Emotion, Cognition, and Memory (This page is incomplete.)
Primary and Secondary Emotions (This page is incomplete.)
Emotional Memories (This page is incomplete.)
Cognition and Emotion (This page is incomplete.)
+ Pain in the Structured Brain (This page is incomplete.)
Pain Seeks Attention (This page is incomplete.)
Sensory Pain and Emotional Pain (This page is incomplete.)
The Low Road and the High Road of Pain (This page is incomplete.)
Pain Affects the Body: Stress and Sleep (This page is incomplete.)
Adaptation to Pain (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Experience of Chronic Pain (Last updated: Tue, Mar 11, 2025)
+ The Nature of Chronic Pain (Last updated: Mon, Oct 21, 2024)
+ Chronic Pain Redefined (Last updated: Mon, Oct 21, 2024)
What is "Chronic" Pain? (Last updated: Mon, Oct 21, 2024)
What is Chronic "Pain"? (Last updated: Mon, Oct 21, 2024)
+ Varieties of Chronic Pain (Last updated: Mon, Oct 21, 2024)
+ Musculoskeletal Pain in General (Last updated: Sun, Jun 25, 2017)
Muscle Pain (Last updated: Mon, Aug 12, 2024)
+ Joint Pain (Last updated: Wed, Nov 16, 2022)
Connective Tissue Damage (Last updated: Mon, Jun 26, 2017)
Osteoarthritis and Joint Pain (Last updated: Sun, Jun 25, 2017)
Joint Pain Physiology (Last updated: Sun, Aug 4, 2024)
+ Lower Back Pain (Last updated: Mon, Aug 12, 2024)
Epidemiology of Lower Back Pain (Last updated: Mon, Aug 12, 2024)
+ Fibromyalgia, Whiplash, and Myofascial Pain (+CWP) (Last updated: Mon, Aug 12, 2024)
Epidemiology of Fibromyalgia and Myofascial Pain (Last updated: Mon, Aug 12, 2024)
Causes of Fibromyalgia and Myofascial Pain (Last updated: Fri, Feb 7, 2025)
+ Neuropathies (Last updated: Tue, Aug 13, 2024)
Epidemiology of Neuropathic Pain (Last updated: Mon, Jun 26, 2017)
Causes of Neuropathic Pain (Last updated: Tue, Aug 13, 2024)
+ Pain Associated with Cancer (Last updated: Wed, Jun 28, 2017)
Epidemiology of Pain Associated with Cancer (Last updated: Wed, Jun 28, 2017)
Causes of Pain Associated with Cancer (Last updated: Tue, Aug 13, 2024)
+ Other Pain Conditions (Last updated: Thu, Nov 17, 2022)
Headaches (Last updated: Wed, Jun 28, 2017)
Arms and Shoulders (Last updated: Wed, Jun 28, 2017)
Hip Pain (Last updated: Wed, Jun 28, 2017)
Knees and Feet (Last updated: Wed, Jun 28, 2017)
Abdominal Pain (Last updated: Thu, Nov 17, 2022)
Orofacial Pain (Last updated: Wed, Jun 28, 2017)
Chronic Pain Physiology (Last updated: Thu, Feb 27, 2025)
+ The Scope of Chronic Pain (Last updated: Thu, Aug 15, 2024)
The Sensation and the Emotion (This page is incomplete.)
Changes in Nervous System Morphology (This page is incomplete.)
Chronic Stress (Last updated: Thu, Aug 15, 2024)
Pain and Illness (This page is incomplete.)
Changes in Attention and Other Cognition (This page is incomplete.)
Changes in Reward, Motivation, and Learning (Last updated: Thu, Aug 15, 2024)
Emotional Changes (Last updated: Thu, Jun 29, 2017)
Psychological Changes (Last updated: Thu, Aug 15, 2024)
Questions Raised by the IASP Pain Definition (Last updated: Thu, Feb 27, 2025)
+ Other Theories of Chronicity (Last updated: Thu, Aug 15, 2024)
Maladaptive Homeostasis (Last updated: Tue, Aug 13, 2024)
Inadequate Perception of Bodily States (Last updated: Tue, Aug 13, 2024)
Bad Posture Causes Pain (Last updated: Thu, Jun 29, 2017)
Past Trauma Predisposes to Pain (Last updated: Thu, Jun 29, 2017)
The Rewards of Illness (Last updated: Tue, Aug 13, 2024)
You're Not Trying Hard Enough. (Last updated: Tue, Aug 13, 2024)
The Pain-prone Personality (Last updated: Wed, Aug 14, 2024)
Fear-avoidance 2 (Last updated: Wed, Aug 14, 2024)
Social Learning Leads to Chronic Pain (Last updated: Wed, Aug 14, 2024)
Anger Causes Pain (Last updated: Wed, Aug 14, 2024)
Exaggerated Reports from Patients (Last updated: Wed, Aug 14, 2024)
+ The Challenge of Living in Pain (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Physical Challenge (This page is incomplete.)
How Pain Debilitates (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Experience of Pain (This page is incomplete.)
+ Cognitive Challenges (This page is incomplete.)
Direct Effects of Pain on Cognitive Function (This page is incomplete.)
+ Emotional Costs (This page is incomplete.)
Stress and Relaxation (This page is incomplete.)
+ Social Costs of Pain (Last updated: Thu, Jul 13, 2017)
The Importance of Entraining (This page is incomplete.)
The Need for Social Re-engineering (This page is incomplete.)
+ The Challenge of Pain Treatment
+ Psychological and Psychiatric Treatments
Psychiatric Understandings in Treatment (This page is incomplete.)
Psychological Assessment of Pain Patients (This page is incomplete.)
Psychological Treatment for Pain (Last updated: Mon, Jul 22, 2024)
Or skip to...
Introduction to this Book (Last updated: Mon, Mar 10, 2025)