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Cognitive-behavioral therapy for pain views certain behaviors as "pain behaviors." What pain behaviors are and how they are interpreted.
What "pain behaviors" are and how they are interpreted.
[Behavioral] formulations [of chronic pain] emphasize the role that social learning influences can play in the development and maintenance of pain behaviors. A patient with a low back injury, for example, may exhibit pain behavior long after the normal healing time if his or her spouse reponds to pain behavior in an ov....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 134
Many of these patients [chronic patients seen in pain programs] exhibit a maladaptive pattern of pain behavior that is characterized by an overly sedentary and restrictive lifestyle, and excessive dependence on pain medications or family members.
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 134
The videotapes [used for "verifying" an expert group's ideas] are used to verify empirically the opinions of the focus group members regarding the frequency, ability to observe, and the validity of certain behaviors as being indicative of pain expression. [Note "verify", which could as well be "test." Also, this proced....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 139
These principles suggest that if behavior signaling pain results in positive consequences or the removal of negative consequences, this pain behavior will increase in frequency. The patient may receive attention (often sympathy) and may be relieved of responsibilities when such behavior is emitted. Complaining leads to....
McMahon, S. B., Koltzenberg, M., Tracy, I., and Turk, D. C., "Wall and Melzack's Textbook of Pain", Elsevier Saunders, 2013, 266
The second reason to observe pain behavior is to analyze the variables controlling that behavior. [Called "functional analysis".] ....Social and environmental variables often play an important role in eliciting pain behavior [AGAIN, don't they also play a role in SUPPRESSING or SHAPING pain behavior?]....White and San....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 136
For example, if bending increases back pain, the patient will restrict that movement, and this will be obvious to an observer. The patient may at the same time demonstrate a facial expression of pain. As the movement of bending becomes associated with pain, the onset of that movement is accompanied by the facial expre....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 302
Self-reports of pain intensity and direct observations of pain behavior: when are they correlated? Abstract Meta-analytic techniques were utilized to investigate the relationship between self-reports of pain intensity and direct observations of pain behavior. Estimation of the overall effect size from 29 studies and 8....
Labus JS, Keefe FJ, Jensen MP., "Self-reports of pain intensity and direct observations of pain behavior: when are they correlated?", Pain: 2003
[Researchers in 1988] found that the actual physical performance of patients with back pain was best predicted by their belief in their capabilities and not by pain per se. [So, we conclude that these patients know what their capabilities are. Also, if we don't know how much pain they have, how can we correlate....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 10
This article may be purchased for $59.00. ABSTRACT: Physical and psychosocial disability in patients with chronic pain have been shown to be associated with patients' pain-related beliefs, tendency to catastrophize, and pain coping strategy use. However, little is known about whether beliefs, catastrophizing, and coping....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 96
End of included memoes/notes