Please use the form below to submit comments. Also provide an e-mail address and name. Your e-mail address and/or name will be used only to communicate with you about this or future comments you may submit. I am particularly keen to receive references to published material that contradicts the assertions and arguments I have made.
By submitting the above comment, I grant to Ross Alan Hangartner the right to incorporate the comment in full or in part, literally, paraphrased, or conceptually, as he sees fit, into State of Pain or other writings that he may create in the future. However, I don't grant permission to include my name or e-mail address, or to use them in any other way than to contact me for follow-up. I understand that by submitting the comment I acquire no right of any kind in State of Pain or other writings of Ross Alan Hangartner.
This page is incomplete. It displays memoes and/or notes.
The concept of coping strategies in the context of cognitive-behavioral therapy for pain.
The Coping Strategies Questionnaire [1983] has for many years formed the backbone of research on coping and adjustment to pain. [Sub-scales include cognitive coping (Diverting Attention, Reinterpreting Pain Sensations, Coping Self-Statements, Ignoring Pain Sensations, Praying or Hoping, and Catastrophizing)]
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 82
Studies have found active coping strategies (efforts to function despite pain or to distract oneself from pain, such as activity or ignoring pain) to be associated with adaptive functioning [Is this tautological?] and passive coping strategies (depending on others for help in pain control and restricted activities) to b....
McMahon, S. B., Koltzenberg, M., Tracy, I., and Turk, D. C., "Wall and Melzack's Textbook of Pain", Elsevier Saunders, 2013, 261
[Vanderbilt Pain Management Inventory 1987] defines active strategies as attempts by the patient to deal with pain through his or her own resources, and passive strategies as helplessness or relying on others.
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 81
In a number of studies it has been demonstrated that if instructed in the use of adaptive coping strategies, the rating of intensity of pain decreases and tolerance of pain increases. The most important factor in poor coping appears to be the presence of catastrophizing rather than differences in the nature of specific....
Van Damme S, Legrain V, Vogt J, Crombez G., "Keeping pain in mind: a motivational account of attention to pain.", Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 34: 2010, 261
...the communal coping model (CCM) in which catastrophizing (a style of cognitive appraisal in which events are seen as threatening and beyond one's ability to cope) is hypothesized to function as a type of coping that mobilizes social support. [Or, the sicky could just say, "Boy, am I uncomfortable."][I'm not s....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 99
As Van Damme and co-authors (2008, 2010) have noted, one has to take into account the goal orientation of the person, which determines whether a given coping strategy is adaptive or not. [The cite says that the effects of pain in capturing attention are mediated by the goal orientation of the individual.]
McMahon, S. B., Koltzenberg, M., Tracy, I., and Turk, D. C., "Wall and Melzack's Textbook of Pain", Elsevier Saunders, 2013, 261
Recent studies have shown that simply giving patients information about their pain tends to make them focus on the discomforting aspects of the experience, and their pain is magnified rather than reduced. However, when the patients are taught skills to cope with their pain, such as relaxation or distraction strategies,....
Melzack, R. and Wall, P. D., "The Challenge of Pain (Reprint of 1988 edition)", Penguin Books, 2008, 25-6
In addition to contributing to maintenance of the pain condition, the use of avoidant coping strategies has other negative consequences. After having limited success in controlling pain, people with chronic pain may perceive pain and the factors that influence the pain to be outside their personal control. Individuals w....
McMahon, S. B., Koltzenberg, M., Tracy, I., and Turk, D. C., "Wall and Melzack's Textbook of Pain", Elsevier Saunders, 2013, 261
[Use physical strategies to relaxation strategies to avoid anger. Use cognitive strategies. Consider the feelings of others--do you know what they're feeling? Are you angry about this or something else? Use humor. Cognitive-restructure; automatic thoughts, traps, errors, negative thoughts. Then respond assertively.] <....
Otis, John D., "Managing Chronic Pain: A Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Approach", Oxford University Press, 2007, 68-70
Affleck and colleagues (1992) found that high levels of coping activity are associated with improved mood for patients reporting low levels of pain, but with worsened mood for patients reporting high levels of pain. Similarly, Jensen and Karoly (1991) found that diverting attention, ignoring pain, and using coping self....
Turk, Dennis, and Melzack, Ronald, "Handbook of Pain Assessment", The Guildford Press, 2011, 83
Given the scenario of chronic pain above, it is hardly surprising that chronic pain patients are depressed. It is interesting, however, to ponder the flip side of the coin—why are not all chronic pain patients depressed? Turk and colleagues (Rudy et al., 1988; Turk, Okifuji, & Scharff, 1995) examined this question and d....
Gatchel, R. J., Peng, Y. B., Peters, M. L., Fuchs, P. N., and Turk, D. C., "The BioPsychoSocial Approach to Chronic Pain: Scientific Advances and Future Directions", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 133, No. 4: 2007 (Biopsychosocial Approach to Chronic Pain.pdf), 600
Predicting responses to self-management treatments for chronic pain: application of the pain stages of change model
Abstract Psychological treatments emphasizing a self-management approach have become commonly accepted alternatives to medical interventions for chronic pain. Unfortunately, these approaches often....
Kerns, R. D., and Rosenberg, R., "Predicting responses to self-management treatments for chronic pain: application of the pain stages of change model.", Pain 84: 2000
If psychological factors can influence pain in a maladaptive manner, they can also have a positive effect. People who feel that they have a number of successful methods for coping with pain may suffer less than those who feel helpless and hopeless. There is some support for this assertion. For example, an empirical stud....
McMahon, S. B., Koltzenberg, M., Tracy, I., and Turk, D. C., "Wall and Melzack's Textbook of Pain", Elsevier Saunders, 2013, 262
Self-regulation of pain and its impact depends on the person’s specific ways of dealing with pain, adjusting to pain, and reducing or minimizing pain and the distress caused by pain—their coping strategies. Investigators propose that coping is manifested by spontaneously used purposeful and intentional acts and can be a....
McMahon, S. B., Koltzenberg, M., Tracy, I., and Turk, D. C., "Wall and Melzack's Textbook of Pain", Elsevier Saunders, 2013, 261
End of included memoes/notes