This page is incomplete. It displays memoes and/or notes.
The role of models. Ideas largely based on Kuhn, explaining the central role of paradigms or mental models. How it both facilitates and limits progress. How it is self-reinforcing. The transmission of paradigms as a large component of scientific education.
Refer to Thomas Kuhn and scientific paradigms
(Ross says)
“Facts counter to one’s biases have a way of arousing one’s biases.” Cognitive dissonance (the need to reconcile divergent facts) and confirmation bias.
Trivers, Robert, "The Folly of Fools", Basic Books, 2011, 153
Progress at this level requires the continual application of the time honored but fallacious form of scientific logic known as “affirmation of consequents" (Figure 2.3). Although the logical flaw of this most common mode of scientific reasoning—induction—is obvious, there is no alternative way to extract general princip....
Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 29
All theoretically guided research proceeds via “affirmation of consequents," which is, of course, a logical fallacy since every individual observation can potentially be explained by a variety of theories....if hypothesized experimental predictions do not hold, they negate the general principles from which they were der....
Panksepp, Jaak, "Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions", Oxford University Press, 1998, 30
End of included memoes/notes